Saralnama
Scientists have long studied nuclear fusion, the process that powers the Sun, to create clean energy on Earth. Fusion happens when hydrogen nuclei merge to form helium, releasing huge energy. The Sun does this naturally under extreme pressure and heat. On Earth, fusion requires heating plasma to over 100 million degrees Celsius and holding it without touching any container. This is very difficult because plasma is unstable and moves like boiling water. Scientists use strong magnetic fields or lasers to control it. In 2022, a US lab made fusion produce more energy than it used, a big step forward. Projects like ITER in France aim to build reactors that produce continuous energy by the 2030s. Private companies and investors are also working on fusion technology. Fusion fuel is abundant and safe, with no long-lasting radioactive waste. The main challenge now is engineering fusion reactors that work steadily and safely. To understand fusion better, one can learn how engineers try to 'bottle' the Sun’s energy by controlling plasma inside reactors. (Updated 27 Aug 2025, 16:05 IST; source: link)