Between 2024 and 2025, nearly half of all sudden cardiac deaths happened when the victim was alone, with emergency help delayed or unavailable. Symptoms can appear hours or even days before a full heart attack for some people, while others experience rapid escalation within minutes. This unpredictability makes immediate action critical. Dr C.M. Nagesh, Honorary Secretary of the Indian College of Cardiology and Founder of Cardea Super Speciality Hospital, explains how to recognize warning signs and respond effectively. Early symptoms often include chest pressure, radiating discomfort to the jaw or arm, shortness of breath, nausea, dizziness, and sweating. Women and diabetics may experience less typical signs like extreme fatigue or indigestion. Recognizing these symptoms early and taking swift action can be life-saving. Knowing what to do when alone during a heart attack is essential knowledge that everyone should have.
Recognizing Warning Signs and Taking Immediate Action
Most people experience warning symptoms before a major heart attack, often described as pressure, heaviness, or squeezing in the chest lasting several minutes or coming and going. This discomfort may spread to the jaw, shoulder, arm, or back. Common accompanying signs include shortness of breath, nausea, dizziness, or profuse sweating. Women and diabetics may have less typical symptoms like extreme fatigue, indigestion, or upper back pain. If you suspect a heart attack when alone, call emergency services immediately—do not drive yourself. Stay calm, sit or lie comfortably, and avoid unnecessary movement. If prescribed, take nitroglycerin as directed. Chewing a regular aspirin may help slow clot formation if you are not allergic. Keep the door unlocked and focus on slow, deep breathing while waiting for help.
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