A young trekker recently lost vision in one eye after ascending to 15,000 feet in the Leh-Ladakh region. Dr Ashish Markan, an eye surgeon, shared this alarming case where the patient experienced sudden, painless vision loss shortly after arrival. The diagnosis was Central Retinal Artery Occlusion (CRAO), a rare condition caused by blocked blood supply to the retina. Despite immediate treatment including digital massage and anterior chamber paracentesis, only partial vision recovery was achieved. This incident highlights High Altitude Retinopathy (HAR), a condition triggered by reduced oxygen and increased blood pressure in retinal vessels at high elevations. Experts warn that rapid ascent without proper acclimatisation, especially above 2,500 to 3,000 meters, significantly raises risk. While mild retinal changes affect up to 40 to 50 percent of high-altitude climbers, severe cases can cause permanent damage. Those with hypertension, diabetes, or existing eye conditions face greater vulnerability.
Prevention, Warning Signs, and Immediate Steps for Trekkers
Trekkers should ascend gradually, stay well-hydrated, and wear UV-protective sunglasses to shield eyes from intense sunlight. Early warning signs include blurred vision, eye pain, redness, floaters, or dark spots. If these symptoms appear, climbers must immediately stop ascending, rest, and descend to lower altitude. Supplemental oxygen and prompt medical evaluation are crucial. Avoid rubbing eyes, minimise screen use, and stay warm, as cold worsens irritation. Carrying lubricating eye drops helps relieve dryness from cold winds and dust. People with pre-existing conditions should undergo eye check-ups before trekking. Ignoring symptoms can lead to retinal bleeding and permanent vision loss, making early action essential for safety.
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