Between August 9 and September 7, 1947, Mahatma Gandhi stayed in Calcutta amid communal tensions following India’s independence. On August 14, Hindus and Muslims celebrated together in the city, an event described as a “miracle” for peace after a year of severe violence. Gandhi called this unity a “short-lived nine-day wonder” after fresh riots erupted and two Muslim migrants were killed on September 1. He held several prayer meetings in key communal areas, promoting harmony by emphasizing shared cultural symbols and urging respect for all communities. Gandhi also coordinated relief efforts, including rice shipments to East Bengal. Despite his peace mission, Gandhi faced suspicion and criticism from both Hindu and Muslim groups, each accusing him of bias. Reports from the time highlighted nervousness among communities and authorities, with Gandhi’s presence seen as a calming influence. However, political and communal tensions persisted, underscoring the fragile nature of peace in post-partition Calcutta. This period reflects the complex interplay of politics, communalism, and Gandhi’s nonviolent activism during India’s transition to independence. (Updated 22 Aug 2025, 10:45 IST; source: link)