Epidermodysplasia Verruciformis, commonly called Tree Man Syndrome, is an extremely rare genetic disorder that causes severe, bark-like skin growths across the body. Dr. Ajay Rana, a dermatologist and founder of ILAMED, explains that mutations in genes like TMC6 or TMC8 prevent the body from fighting certain strains of human papillomavirus, particularly beta-HPVs. Affected individuals develop flat, scaly patches and wart-like growths that harden over time, resembling tree bark. These lesions typically appear during early childhood and worsen with age, covering hands, feet, face, and torso. Despite medical advances, no permanent cure exists. Treatment involves surgical removal, topical retinoids, and experimental antiviral therapies, though lesions often return after surgery. Patients also face significantly elevated skin cancer risks, requiring regular medical monitoring. Fewer than 600 cases have been documented worldwide, making the condition exceptionally rare and often misunderstood.
Medical Challenges and Social Stigma Faced by Patients
Living with Tree Man Syndrome creates immense difficulties across medical, emotional, and social dimensions. As lesions grow larger and heavier, patients experience severe pain and restricted movement. The chronic condition frequently triggers anxiety, depression, and frustration. Diagnosis relies on clinical observation, skin biopsy, HPV testing, and genetic analysis. Importantly, the disorder is not contagious—it cannot spread through touch and has no connection to hygiene. The HPV strains involved only cause problems in genetically predisposed individuals. In India, especially rural areas, patients often lack specialized care. Misdiagnosis, social isolation, superstition, and even community violence compound their suffering. Dr. Rana emphasizes that affected individuals should not face stigma or isolation. While prevention is impossible for those with faulty genes, genetic counseling and early detection can help manage complications.
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